Spinning or twisting machine with separately and electrically driven fliers.



. H. SGHNEIDER. SPINNING 0R TWISTING MACHINE WITH SEPARATELY AND ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN FLIERS.

' APPLICATION FILED lAN.9. 1912.

1, 16$,QO8, PaIenteIl Dec. 28,1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

H. SCHNEIDER.

SPINNING 0R TWISTING MACHINE WITH SEPARATELY AND ELEOTRICALLY DRIVEN FLIERS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 9. I912.

II Patented Dec. 28,1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

z m I H. SCHNE|DER.' SPINNING 0R.TWIST|NG MACHINE WITH SEPARATELY AND ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN FLIERS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 9, 1912.

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Patented. Dec. 28, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- @TATE% FATE @FFMEE.

HEINRICH SCHNEIDER, OF NEUSIALZQQN-THE-ODER GERMANY.

SPINNING 0R TWISTING MACHINE WITH SEPARATELY AND ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN FLIERS.

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Specification of LettersYPatent. mnm 19 g, 1915,

Application filed January 9, 1912. Serial No. 670,211.

To allwhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HEINRICH SCHNEIDER, managing engineer, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, and resident of Neusalzon-the-Oder, No. 10, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Spinning or Twisting Machines with Separately and Electrically Driven Fliers, of which the following is a specification.

Many attempts have been made to separately and electrically actuate or drive the ring-spindlesor throstles and fliers of spinning and twisting machines, but said attempts were neveraccompanied by practical results up to now. The reasons for said lack of success are mainly seen in the fact that the small sensitive motors for actuating or driving said spindles and fliers are arranged below the winding-device in a manner not suitable for the purpose.

The formation of a balloon around each of the spools or bobbins is common to all ring and flier spinning-machines. The centrifugal forces arising in the balloon throw around according to the material to be spun, water, fatty matters, dirt or the like and mainly against and on the neighboring spools or bobbins and their supports.- It

is obvious that the small electro-motors arranged below the spools or bobbins, and in consequence also below the balloon, are highly influenced or involved as to the electric windings and bearings whereby permanent troubles, as, for instance, short-circuits; heating of the hearings, or the like are caused. It is true that the known drivingdevices have generally. been inclosed all around in a suitable manner, but it is extraordinarily difficult to obtain, for example, a sufficient closing of the bearings against the very finely divided dirty particles sprinkling or Spurting off or the small drops of organic acids.

Now the present invention has for its object to overcome the defects or drawbacks mentioned above, and not to expose any more the electro-motors, to the sprinkling caused by the balloons. For this purpose the driving motors are arranged fully outside the sphere of the' centrifugal action above the fliers and between the delivery rollers and the point of the balloon.

The casing ofthe driving motor is, according to another part of the present invention,

formed as a hearing or bolster tor the flier.-

with the shaft of the motor, the latter being arranged near the delivery rollers in such a manner that the point for introducmg the thread is situated closely below or closely behind the point where the textile or fibrous material is delivered from the rollers.

Now to obtain in the flier driving apparatus forming the object of the present invention a ready and positive disengaging operation, the separate motors driving the sp nning or twisting fliers receive their electric current from a generator whose magnets are excited by an outside source. The armature of the generator is mechanically connected to that of a driving motor, the said motor receiving its electric current through a'switch from an outside source. When the whole machine is to be stopped, the switch is disconnected, and the momentum of the whole machine is quickly destroyed owing to the fact that the continued magnetization of the generator magnets causes a rapid dissipation of the electric energy of the system.

For the use of separate electric motors for driving the fliers in spinning and twisting machines, it is necessary to provide a special braking action for the bobbins. If this braking action'is not properly regulated the 'load and the motors will vary so that a uniform yarn twisting operation will not result. Further with'bobbins arranged with one of the old brakingactions the load at starting is too heavy for the proper working of the motors corresponding to the present invention. To overcome these difiiculties a special spool or bobbin is provided for each yarn number to be wound and the supporting surface of the spool or bobbin-foot is ring-shaped, the right tension of the thread for the size to be wound being fixed by the diameter of the ring formed.

Figure 1 of the drawings annexed to the description, shows in side elevation a flier direct driven by an electromotor and obliquely arranged. Fig. 2 shows in longitudinal elevation the same parts in a vertical position, and Fig. 3 a side elevation of Fig. 2-. Fig. ft shows in longitudinal section a spool or bobbin spindle provided with a supporting ring. In Figs. 5 and 6 modified forms of said supporting rings are shown.

Fig. 7 shows in diagrammatic elevation a plant for electrically and separately driving the fliers forming the object of the presentthe spools r bobbins a in the direction unit of time.

shown in Fig; 1. The path of the thread a is first a straight one without any circular form or curvature so that a sprinkling around of any particles of the material to be spun or twisted does not take place. The small electromotors cl are arranged along the straight path of the threads a in such a manner that the hollow shaft of these motors is precisely or nearly precisely situated within the direction of the traveling material. In this manner the material to be spun or twisted is guided within a tube or passage entirely closed all around so that an 1nj uring of the motors by the thread caused by dirt or the like is fully avoided. The lower end ofthe tube or passage is continued through the upper central part of the flier e. After passing between the working parts of the electromotor the material or thread 4 leaves the latter and the formation of the balloon will at once take place. Fibers, water, fatty matters, chafl's or dirt cannot in ure or destroy the electromotors protected in the manner described.

It 'is immaterial for the feature of .the invention whether the traveling movement of the material 18 in a downward or horizontal direction or-in a slanting direction between these directions. However, the distance of the delivery rollers 11 b from the thread winding up eye, or as in the present case, when the lengths of the flier shanks and of the motor are fixed ones, the distance of the point 7', at which the thread a leaves the said delivery rollers b b from the opening through which the thread enters the casing of the small electro-motor d, Figs. 1 and 3, 'is important.

Generally, in case of a large distance, the twist given to a thread does not distribute itself in a uniform'manner along the free length h between the delivery point 7 and the winding-up eye 2'; on the contrary the twisting takes place in such a manner that thinner lengths of thread are twisted up to once or twice more than the lengths of ma terial of greater thickness.

The fliers electrically driven as described above, produce a perfectly uniform twisting operation within or during each period or If the thickness of ,the material to be twisted, supplied with uniform speed, is throughout the same, the same number of twists would in any case occur along each unit or element of length. If material ner described above the handbreadth space need not be left, as the thread is practically never broken.

Fig. 2 shows in longitudinal elevation part of a working range of a spinning or twisting machine in which the delivery rollers are placed very close to the motors for driving the spinning or twisting apparatus. Said close arrangement of the parts mentioned may be effected by a suitable shaping of the frames of the spinning or twisting machines. The position of these parts may be a permanent one or the parts may be adjusted at will by means of various known adjusting devices. It is -well known that the flier spmning or twisting machines now in use necessitate a braking of the spools or bobbins for uniformly winding up the thread supplied or twisted and that for obtaining a To secure the most uniform tension of thread said braking action must be a more intensive one in proportlon to the increaslng winding diameter.

, For this purpose many devices or apparatus have been proposed, so, for instance, it has beenproposed to maintain constantly the tension of thread in an automatic manner. For the present, only those'devices will be successful in which the increasing of weight of the spool or bobbin will be made use of, elther indirectly by a more intense pressure of movable brake-blocks against the brake-casing, or directly by choosing spools or bobbins of suitable specific gravity according to the material to be wound.

The spools or bobbins used in the spinning or twisting apparatus are so constructed according to the present invention as to correspond to the latter principle characterized above. In this way the correct spool or bobbin having been once selected a proper and sufiicient braking results, no further attention from the workman being necessary. It is therefore important to find or select means which allow the right tension to be always obtained for given dimensions or measures of the spools or bobbins. If, for example, the numbers of yarn 18 to 35 are spun on one machine and a spool calculated as right for No. 18 and resulting, for instance from 50 grams of initial weight up to 150 grams of full weight, always the uniformly high thread-tension corresponding to the size number 18, the yarn No. will, in winding up onto the same spool or bobbin be highly stretched above its tensile strength. Therefore the Working of the machine is not possible. The simplest method would be to reduce the shape of the spool, perhaps as to its lift. However, neither said reduction nor the alteration of the winding diameter would be suitable, for the efficlency of the machine would be greatly injured, not to mention the troublesome adjustment when the numbers are altered.

A known braking device for spools or bobbins (see British specification No. 24462/94) hasfor its object to provide for the possibility of altering the size-numbers.

However said device shows several drawbacks which in the clean spinning of cotton are perhaps of little importance, but which do not permit its construction to be of advantage for spinning bast-fibers.

Now the improvement forming part of the present invention has in common with the known braking-device mentioned above the formation of the contact-surface be-.

tween the spool and its carrier as a closed ring-surface the diameter of which is chosen according to the size-number of the material to be worked;

As shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 instead of a ring-shaped spool-carrier, the spool-foot is shaped as a closed ring k. It is novel and essential for this formation of the spool-foot that the ring-surface is not at rest but rotates itself, whereby the advantage is insured that dirty matter adhering to the foot of the spools to be placed into workingposition are immediately removed during the starting of said spools by centrifugal action. In this manner a high cleanness of the rubbing surface is permanently insured. The moist dirty matter of the hast-fibers, as for instance. chafi's, vegetable glutin, cannot collect in the space within the closed ring and fill it up to the fully supporting surface,

in which case the right braking action would constantly fail. The braking work, which must be of higher intensity in spinning bastfiber by reason of the coarser size-numbers, causes naturally a wearing of the rubbing surface of the softer material. i As it is necessary to construct the parts of a spinning machine, for instance. a copping-rail, of a material more resistant than that of the feet of small spools of little weight, these feet are badly worn. The destruction of the plain closed complete surface renders impossible soon a working with different annular surfaces. In contrary .to this known device, the ring-shaped 'foot of the spool arranged according to the present rail are permanently maintained, even if annular or ring-shaped surfaces are alternately used of different diameter. This fact is of importance in spinning hast-fibers. If size-numbers of 0.5 to 100 are to be spun, the double ringsystem (according to British specification No. 24462/94) can never be used. In contradistinction to this, the device according to the present invention allows any possible graduations of the dimensions of the ring and nevertheless the attention required is still less than in the two ring-spool-system, for on changing the sizenumbers it is necessary in any case to put on empty spools and it is necessary only for the new size-numbers to make use of other spools. The special work of turning over copping-rails is dispensed with.

Fig. 7 shows a switching-device or plant for the electric motors used in the spinning or twisting machine forming the object of the present invention. Z is a driving motor, for instance a continuous current shunt motor coupled with the rotary current generator m for the electric motors cl. d d drivingthe fliers 6, Figs. 1 and 2 The magnet system or field magnets of the generator m, shown in Fig. 7, are supplied with continuous current from a suitable distributingsystem. Said distributing system supplies also the current for the armature of the motor Z by the switch n so arranged as to be engaged to or disengaged from any point of the spinning frame. The motors d, al d for driving the fliers are connected to the generator without any switchingdevice.'

As represented in Figs. 1, 2 and 7, the thread delivery-rollers b, b are driven by the toothed wheel 0. The switching-device shown in Fig. 7 has for its object to insure a perfect accordance between the delivery of the thread to be spun or twisted and the twisting operation caused by the electric motors (1,03 d for driving the fliers, even during the starting and stopping of the generator and to shorten the stoppingperiod to a minimum of time. On disconnecting the driving motor Z by the switch n the magnets of the generator remain eX- cited; therefore an electric current of a gradually diminishing number of periods traverses the motors for driving the fliers and said switchless system brakes itself in such a manner that all parts are absolutely at a standstill after two or three seconds, said standstill of the delivery-rollers and spindles taking place in absolute accordance. If it were intended to stop the fliers to a standstill by disconnecting the excitation of the generator, by cutting off the current to the electromagnets of the generator. as in the separate spindles would be an accidental and irregular one according-to the energy and the resistance, but not, as stated above, controlled by an alternate current quickly 5 reduced to the periods of ml.

What I claim is:

In a spinning or twisting machine, flier spools, electrically driven fliers arrangedto rotate around the flier spools, a driven motor 10 for each flier arranged above the arms or motormentioned, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name'in presence of two Witnesses, this 27th day of December, 1911. W

HEINRICH SCHNEIDER. 

